‘Fertilization of papilionaceous flowers’: On the agency of bees in the fertilization of papilionaceous flowers, and on the crossing of kidney beans. By Charles Darwin. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 3d ser. 2 (1858): 459–65. [Shorter publications, pp. 272–7.]
Matches: 2 hits
- … Fertilization of papilionaceous flowers’: On the agency of …
- … bees in the fertilization of papilionaceous flowers, and on the crossing of kidney beans. …
Farrer, Thomas Henry. 1874. Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers—Coronilla. Nature, 2 July 1874, pp. 169–70.
Matches: 1 hit
- … Henry. 1874. Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers—Coronilla. Nature , 2 July 1874, pp. …
From T. H. Farrer 18 September 1869
Author: | Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 18 Sept 1869 |
Classmark: | DAR 164: 55 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-6898 |
Matches: 5 hits
- … Asks CD’s opinion of a paper he has written on papilionaceous flowers. …
- … On the fertilisation of a few common papilionaceous flowers. Nature , 10 October 1872, pp. …
- … from below the surface. In the papilionaceous flowers—Ulex, Lupin, &c I see them at work …
- … together a few notes upon a few Papilionaceous flowers and am venturing to send them to …
- … and I shall victimize him with Papilionaceous flowers— What a work of labour is his Genera …
‘Cross-fertilising papilionaceous flowers’. By Charles Darwin. Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, 11 August 1866, p. 756. [Shorter publications, pp. 350–1.]
Matches: 1 hit
- … Cross-fertilising papilionaceous flowers’. By Charles Darwin. Gardeners’ Chronicle and …
From T. H. Farrer 21 November 1868
Summary
Thinks CD’s views of insect agency and crossing might explain structure and variations of papilionaceous flowers. Lists five points. Asks CD’s opinion.
Author: | Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 21 Nov 1868 |
Classmark: | DAR 164: 49; Linnean Society of London, MS Case 6B, No. 299 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-6470 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … explain structure and variations of papilionaceous flowers. Lists five points. Asks CD’s …
- … the structure & variations of Papilionaceous flowers by your views concg insect agency & …
- … vol. 16, Appendix II)). In papilionaceous flowers, the lateral petals are referred to as …
- … referred to as gamopetalous. In papilionaceous flowers, the large petal opposite the keel …
Farrer, Thomas Henry. 1872. On the fertilisation of a few common papilionaceous flowers. Nature, 10 October 1872, pp. 478–80, and 17 October 1872, pp. 498–501.
Matches: 1 hit
- … On the fertilisation of a few common papilionaceous flowers. Nature , 10 October 1872, pp. …
To T. H. Farrer 10 April 1874
Summary
Delighted to hear about Coronilla. Urges publication ["Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers– Coronilla", Nature 10 (1874): 169–70].
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer |
Date: | 10 Apr 1874 |
Classmark: | Linnean Society of London (LS Ms 299/22) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-9400 |
Matches: 2 hits
- … publication ["Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers– Coronilla ", Nature 10 (1874): 169– …
- … Henry. 1874. Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers—Coronilla. Nature , 2 July 1874, pp. …
From T. H. Farrer 8 August 1869
Author: | Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 8 Aug 1869 |
Classmark: | DAR 164: 53 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-6857 |
Matches: 2 hits
- … Speculates on the function of the separate stamen of papilionaceous flowers. …
- … mentioning the separate stamen of papilionaceous flowers as a point worth looking into. I …
From George Henslow 1 November 1865
Summary
Has made observations on pollination mechanism in Medicago sativa [J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Bot.) 9 (1867): 327–9], which his brother-in-law [J. D. Hooker] would accept. Wants to check that CD has not already made them.
Also sends interpretation of Salvia.
His observations come from following CD’s generalisation in Origin [p. 79] on necessity of out-crossing.
Author: | George Henslow |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 1 Nov 1865 |
Classmark: | DAR 166: 150 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-4928 |
Matches: 5 hits
- … of bees in the fertilization of papilionaceous flowers, and on the crossing of kidney …
- … alae are the lateral petals of a papilionaceous flower; the vexillum is the standard or …
- … are the
〈 visits〉 of bees to Papilionaceous flowers that … their fertility is greatly … - … are the visits of bees to papilionaceous flowers, that I have found, by experiments …
- … agency in the cross-pollination of papilionaceous flowers in Leguminosae in 1856 (see …
To Gardeners’ Chronicle [before 11 August 1866]
Summary
Describes the difficulties of crossing papilionaceous flowers. Believes the lack of success is a consequence of the need for early castration and successive applications of pollen on the stigma. Gives details of a method he has used to cross such flowers successfully.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Gardeners’ Chronicle |
Date: | [before 11 Aug 1866] |
Classmark: | Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette (1866): 756 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5189 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … the difficulties of crossing papilionaceous flowers. Believes the lack of success is a …
- … found much difficulty in crossing papilionaceous flowers. Several years ago, Dr. Herbert …
- … thought this plan of fertilising papilionaceous flowers worth mentioning had it not been …
- … the difficulty of fertilising papilionaceous flowers, I may mention that I lately removed …
To T. H. Farrer 4 July [1874]
Summary
Has read THF’s article on Coronilla [see 9400] – "a very curious case"; is troubled by C. emerus.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer |
Date: | 4 July [1874] |
Classmark: | Linnean Society of London (LS Ms 299/23) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-9531 |
Matches: 3 hits
- … Henry. 1874. Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers—Coronilla. Nature , 2 July 1874, pp. …
- … s article, ‘Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers—Coronilla’ ( Farrer 1874 ), appeared …
- … the large central petal of a papilionaceous flower) in Coronilla emerus (now Hippocrepis …
From T. H. Farrer 12 August 1869
Summary
Will work on papilionaceous flowers since CD encourages it. Discusses function of hairs in certain plants.
Author: | Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 12 Aug 1869 |
Classmark: | DAR 164: 54 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-6861 |
Matches: 2 hits
- … Will work on papilionaceous flowers since CD encourages it. Discusses function of hairs in …
- … encouragement try to work out the papilionaceous flowers when I return from a three weeks …
To T. H. Farrer 13 October [1872]
Summary
THF’s article in Nature ["The fertilisation of a few papilionaceous flowers", 6 (1872): 478–80, 498–501] is extremely good.
Suspects he now has answer to why common peas and sweetpeas hardly ever intercross, a point which half drove CD mad for years.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer |
Date: | 13 Oct [1872] |
Classmark: | Linnean Society of London (LS Ms 299/18) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8557 |
Matches: 3 hits
- … Nature ["The fertilisation of a few papilionaceous flowers", 6 (1872): 478–80, 498–501] is …
- … On the fertilisation of a few common papilionaceous flowers. Nature , 10 October 1872, pp. …
- … the fertilisation of a few common papilionaceous flowers’, which appeared in Nature , 10 …
From Asa Gray 12 November 1876
Summary
Thanks for sheets of new book. Intends to talk about it at a scientific social club meeting.
Is amused to read CD’s criticisms of his own style, as in the U. S. it is spoken of as being as faultless as his temper. Corrects a reference.
Author: | Asa Gray |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 12 Nov 1876 |
Classmark: | DAR 165: 191 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10668 |
Matches: 3 hits
- … to CD’s paper ‘Fertilization of papilionaceous flowers’ (see Correspondence vol. 7, letter …
- … Press of Harvard University. ‘Fertilization of papilionaceous flowers’: On the agency of …
- … bees in the fertilization of papilionaceous flowers, and on the crossing of kidney beans. …
To J. D. Hooker 12 January [1858]
Summary
On papilionaceous flowers and CD’s theory that there are no eternal hermaphrodites. Connects this theory to absence of small-flowered legumes in New Zealand and the absence of small bees as pollinators.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 12 Jan [1858] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 220 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2201 |
Matches: 5 hits
- … On papilionaceous flowers and CD’s theory that there are no eternal hermaphrodites. …
- … apparent self-fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers like peas and beans with both Hooker …
- … necessary to the fertilisation of Papilionaceous flowers. Ever yours | C. Darwin My man …
- … latter Papilionaceous? ) Now what I want to know, is, whether any of these have flowers as …
- … flower & therefore cease visiting mouth of corolla “hardly a bean will set”. But now comes a much more curious statement that 1842–43 “since Bees were established at Wellington (N. Zealand), Clover seeds all over the Settlement, which it did not before”. The writer evidently has no idea what the connexion can be. — Now I cannot help at once connecting this statement (& all the foregoing statements in some degree support each other, as all have been advanced without any sort of theory) with the remarkable absence of Papilionaceous …
To Armand de Quatrefages 20 July [1870]
Summary
Sends list of his publications.
Is grateful for interest QdeB has taken in his election [to Académie Française].
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Jean Louis Armand (Armand de Quatrefages) Quatrefages de Bréau |
Date: | 20 July [1870] |
Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.377); University Archives (dealers) (14 April 2021, lot 74) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7285 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … of seeds’ . ‘Fertilization of papilionaceous flowers’ . Also published in Correspondence …
- … of bees in the fertilization of papilionaceous flowers. Annals of Nat. Hist. Vol 2. 1858 …
- … Collected papers 2: 138–56. ] ‘Fertilization of papilionaceous flowers’: On the agency of …
- … bees in the fertilization of papilionaceous flowers, and on the crossing of kidney beans. …
To Gardeners’ Chronicle [before 13 November 1858]
Summary
Reports the decreased yield of pods resulting from excluding bees from the flowers of the kidney bean. Gives other observations suggesting the importance of bees in the fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers.
Cites cases of crosses between varieties of bean grown close together and requests observations from readers on the subject. States his belief "that is a law of nature that every organic being should occasionally be crossed with a different individual of the same species".
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Gardeners’ Chronicle |
Date: | [before 13 Nov 1858] |
Classmark: | Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, 13 November 1858, pp. 828–9 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2359 |
Matches: 5 hits
- … of bees in the fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers. Cites cases of crosses between …
- … of bees in the fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers, and on the crossing of kidney …
- … of difficulty. The Leguminosæ with papilionaceous flowers have been advanced by Pallas and …
- … curious; for who, seeing that papilionaceous flowers are hermaphrodite, have an abundant …
- … and seeing that the structure of papilionaceous flowers causes the plant’s own pollen to …
From T. H. Farrer [before 10 April 1874]
Author: | Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [before 10 Apr 1874] |
Classmark: | DAR 164: 77 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8854 |
Matches: 3 hits
- … Henry. 1874. Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers—Coronilla. Nature , 2 July 1874, pp. …
- … a genus of crown vetch. In many papilionaceous flowers, nine stamens fuse to form a tube- …
- … is the large upper petal in papilionaceous flowers. Nous verrons (French): we will see. …
To J. D. Hooker 20 [October 1858]
Summary
Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers [Collected papers 2: 19–25].
JDH’s reactions to CD’s theory.
Discussed human fossil evidence with Hugh Falconer.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 20 [Oct 1858] |
Classmark: | DAR 114: 250 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2345 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Fertilisation of papilionaceous flowers [ Collected papers 2: 19–25]. JDH’s reactions to …
To T. H. Farrer 10 August [1869]
Summary
THF’s view, if confirmed, pleases CD in that what appears a mere morphological character is found to be of use. Carl Nägeli has been attacking him on this head.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer |
Date: | 10 Aug [1869] |
Classmark: | Linnean Society of London (LS Ms 299/8) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-6859 |
Matches: 2 hits
- … On the fertilisation of a few common papilionaceous flowers. Nature , 10 October 1872, pp. …
- … his observations on fertilisation in papilionaceous flowers in the autumn of 1869 and sent …
letter | (52) |
bibliography | (4) |
Darwin, C. R. | (27) |
Farrer, T. H. | (8) |
Henslow, George | (4) |
Darwin, Francis | (3) |
Müller, Fritz | (2) |
Darwin, C. R. | (25) |
Farrer, T. H. | (9) |
Hooker, J. D. | (4) |
Gardeners’ Chronicle | (3) |
Gray, Asa | (3) |
Darwin, C. R. | (52) |
Farrer, T. H. | (17) |
Hooker, J. D. | (5) |
Gray, Asa | (4) |
Henslow, George | (4) |
instinct in Commentary
Darwin in letters, 1858-1859: Origin
Summary
The years 1858 and 1859 were, without doubt, the most momentous of Darwin’s life. From a quiet rural existence filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on species, he was jolted into action by the arrival of an unexpected letter from Alfred Russel Wallace…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The years 1858 and 1859 were, without doubt, the most momentous of Darwin’s life. From a quiet …